Assertion (A): An amorphous material is obtained when mobility of atoms is inhibited during solidification.

Reason (R): Crystalline state is a natural state for most solids.

Assertion (A): When the forward gain of a system is increased, the transient response becomes oscillatory.

Reason (R): Increasing the forward gain reduces steady state error.

1. It uses thermionic emission.
2. It uses an attenuater.
3. It is inherently a resonant device.
4. It has broad bandwidth.

1. EEPROM has the problem of high write time.
2. EEPROM has the problem of limited number of write cycles.
3. Shadow RAM has the problem of high write time.

1. 0 ≤ F(x) ≤ 1
2. F(- ∞) = 0
3. F(∞) = 1
4. F(x₁) ≤ F(x₂) If x₁ < x₂

Assertion (A): Oxide coated cathodes are very commonly used.

Reason (R): Work function of oxide coated cathode is 1 eV whereas it is 4.5 eV for pure tungsten.